Improvement in machines for cutting files



2 Sheets --Sheet 1.

c. vosu Machines for Cutting Files. 135,179.

Patented Jan. 21, 1873.

INVENTOR @itnessis.

T TY.

2Sheets--Sheet2.

' c. vocn.

Machines for Cutting Files.

NO.135,179,' I PatentedJanJ2L1873.

INVENTOR 1mm r 7 56; at. M4406 W F17.

(AM. FHOTO-LITHGCRAPHIC 00. MY osBuR/vsls moans) UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFIoE.

CHARLES VOGEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IM'PROV'EME'NT IN MACHINES FOR CUTTING FILES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 135,179, dated January 21, 1873.

- lar motor is applied to the cutter that acts to roughen the surface of the file-blank.

My present invention relates to means for presenting the file-blank to the action of the cutters'and insuring uniformity in the out;

also in means for holding the blank and sup-' porting the bed-block; and in the means for regulating the action of the atmospheric pressure'uponthe piston of the motor.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is an elevation of the file-cutting mechanism with the air-cylinder in section; Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the bed, an elevation of the cutting mechanism, and apartial section of the air-cylinder Fig. 3 is a plan of the file-clamp; and Fig. 4 is an end view of thefeed-wheel and clamp.

In filecutting machinery the bed has been moved along by a screw; but there is risk that the cuts will not be uniform in the distance from one to the next, because the vibration may cause the bed to move either one way or the other in consequence of any slight looseness between the nut and screw.

To avoid this I mountthe bed a directly upon the screw 1), and make that screw of a size suflicient to support the file-bed under the action of the blows of the cutter. The screw b is supported near its ends in the bearings c c of the bed d, and it is revolved progressively by a crank-pin, 2, upon the revolving shaft f, which crank-pin is connected to the arm 9 that is provided with a clamp acting upon the cylindrical flange of the wheel 0, in a manner similar to a sewing-machine wheel feed; and,

by adjusting the position of the pin 2 nearer to: or further from the center, the feed, by revolving the screw, will be more or less, according to the coarseness or fineness of the file to be cut. The arm g that interposes between the feeding-clamp and the connectingrod e is made to springslightly under the strain to which it is subjected in giving motion to the screw b hence the feeding-clamp will not commence its return movement when the crank passes its center, but there will be a pause until the spring-arm assumes its normal condition. This is sufficient to prevent the inertia turning the screw beyond the proper point, because the clamp is not released until the lever-arm g is drawn back by the crank. The bed a is made in the form of a saddle upon the screw 1), hence the same takes an even bearing upon the screw, and the screw-thread is made preferably with one sidest'raight and the other at an inclination so that the movement given to the bed by the straight side of the thread will be very definite, and at the same time the nut and thread will not wear loose on account of the inclination of the other side of the thread. The edge 3 of the bed a slides upon the bed d, and at the other side is a steadying-roller, 4, that may be adjustable.

In order to lift the saddle-shaped bed a from the screw 1) for sliding it back to the point of beginning, I make use of a framecomposed of bars h h actuated by parallel-motion links and a lever, k, that being moved up beneath the edges of the said bed a, lift the same bodily sufficiently to separate the screwthreads, and on these bars h h the bed can be easily pushed along by hand.

The secondary bed I is placed in a segmental depression in the bed a, so that the surface of the file-blank t may accommodate itself to the cutting-edge and the out be of equal depth throughout; but this feature in itself has before been used. I employ the sliding surfacegage n, that is pressed upon the surface of the file with the required force by an arm, 0, and weighted lever m. The edge of this gage n is adjacent to and parallel with the edge of the cutter r, so that the file is firmly held to its bed and its surface in a position parallel with the cutting-edge.

In order tohold the file-blank i it has been usual to employ clamps and set-screws acting upon the edges. These do not allow the fileblank to yield and take a proper bearing upon the bed when the screws hold firmly, and

if there is any looseness in the screws the file will not be properly held.

I avoid these difficulties by employing a swinging clamp, 0, attached to the bed Z by a screw, 9, and having a concave edge nextthe file, and a similar clamp, s, jointed to the spring t, which spring is of sufficient power to hold the file firmly, but allow a slight yield, and the file cannot get loose because the spring constantly renews its gripe upon the same. The cutter r is mounted upon a stock, a, in slides 12 below the air-cylinder w, and the stock is raised by a cam, 10, on the shaftf, and the tool is forced down with the desired power by the air that is under pressure in the cylinder w. The slides 12 are'adjustable by the screws 11 and 12, so as to prevent any looseness, and insure accuracy in. the movement of the cutter. The air-reservoir Q) is supplied with air under pressure from a suitable pump through the tube 13, and a safety-valve, 15, is employed for regulating the pressure by adjusting the weight 18 so that the force of the blow may be according to the cut that is to be made. The air passes from the reservoir 'v to the cylinder to,- and at 19 a checkvalve is employed to prevent air returning from the cylinder to into the reservoir 12, and at 20 is another check-valve that is ordinarily held open by the toe of the rock-shaft x; but when this rock-shaft is actuated by the handlever y, or otherwise, the check-valve 20 may be partially or entirely closed. If it is allowed to close the contents of the cylinder 10 will be expelled by the rising of the piston 10, and the check-valve 20, preventing air entering, will cause the cutter to be suspended by the external atmospheric pressure; hence, by opening this check-valve more or less, the cutter can be lowered with a very slight blow or forced down by the atmospheric pressure.

It will be understood that if the check-valve 19 only were used the pressure of atmosphere in the cylinder 20, when the piston w is at its furthest downward movement, would always be equal to that in the reservoir 2;, the valve 19 opening freely by the pressure in v, and as the piston w is raised by its cam the at mosphere would be compressed in the spaces between the piston and the valve 19, and the blow would be augmented thereby. This is the case ordinarily, because the air passes the valve 20 freely in both directions when said valve is held up by the rock-shaft a: and toe. If this valve 20 is partially lowered it still is lifted freely by the air that is expelled from the cylinderw by the rising of the piston w, butfalling, prevents the air passing into the cylinder with the rapidity necessary to maintain the pressure; hence the pressure in the cylinder 'and the consequent force of the blow are entirely under the attendants control through the medium of the valve 20 and its rock-shaft and toe.

This means for regulating the action of the atmosphere upon the piston 10 may be applied to a hammer as well as to a file-cutting mechanism.

I claim as my invention- 1. The bed a resting upon and supported by the screw b, in combination with file-cutting mechanism, said screw b being of suiiicient strength to support the bed while the file is being cut, substantially as set forth.

2. The frame composed of the bars h and parallel-motion links, in combination with the saddle-shaped bed a and screw b, for the purposes set forth.

3. The gage n and its arm 0, in combination with the cutter i, air-cylinder w, and beds l and a for maintaining the surface of the fileblank parallel with the edge of the cutter, substantially as set forth.

4. .The clamping-jaws p s and spring t, constructed substantially as specified, and employed for holding the file-blank, as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The slides 11 adjusted by the screws 11 12, in combination with the stock a of the cutter 2', and the air-piston 10, substantially as set forth.

6. The valve 20 opening outwardly from the cylinder 10, and allowing the air to pass freely, in combination with the rock-shaft and toe, or their equivalents, to regulate the point to which the valve shall close each movement of the piston and determine the force of the blow, as set forth.

7. The feeding-clamp g acting upon the cylindrical flange of the screw b, and provided with a flexible or yieldingjarm, e, and connec tion to the adjustable crank-pin 2, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Signed by me this 14th day of June, A. D. 1872.

CHARLES VOGEL.

WVitnesses:

GEO. T. PINGKNEY, CHAS. H..SMITH. 

